CHICAGO — About one fourth of the physicians who left the Gulf Coast
in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina were still gone six months later,
and some displaced physicians had no plans to return, according to a
study in the inaugural issue of the AMA journal, Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness.
Hurricane Katrina hit the Gulf Coast on August 29, 2005. The storm
and subsequent flooding in Louisiana and Mississippi were blamed for at
least 1,808 deaths and over $100 billion in damage. More than 1.5
million people were evacuated. By autumn 2005, nearly 6,000 physicians
had been displaced from the Gulf region, including 4,486 from three New
Orleans parishes. Only three of nine hospitals in Orleans parish had
reopened by February 2006, according to background information in the
article.
Kusuma Madamala, PhD, MPH of the American Medical Association's
Center for Public Health Preparedness and Disaster Response, and
colleagues conducted a descriptive Internet-based survey during the
spring of 2006 to investigate physician demographics and relocation
patterns following Hurricane Katrina. Survey participants were
selected from an AMA master file of all licensed physicians reporting
addresses within Federal Emergency Management Agency-designated
disaster zones in Louisiana and Mississippi before August 2005.
A total of 312 eligible responses were collected, yielding a 32
percent response rate from the physicians who were contacted. Among
the disaster zone respondents, 85.6 percent lived in Louisiana and 14.4
percent lived in Mississippi before the hurricane.
"By spring 2006, 75.6 percent (236) of the respondents had returned
to their original homes, whereas 24.4 percent (76) reported a different
place of residence, the authors report.
"Nearly ten percent remained out of state, with the preponderance of
this group indicating that they were either unlikely to or uncertain
about returning their original practice, they continue.
At the time of the survey, 40.7 percent of physicians reported that
the hospitals with which they were primarily associated were closed.
Virtually all the physicians surveyed also reported some level of
damage to their homes.
"As expected, physicians whose homes were significantly damaged or
destroyed were far more likely to be displaced at the time of the
survey, the authors write. "Approximately 24 percent of those still
relocated six months after the disaster reported complete destruction
of their homes, and nearly 40 percent of this same group reported
personal losses greater than $50,000.
One of the highest priorities identified by the respondents was financial assistance to rebuild their practices.
"Although the plans elicited from respondents are subject to change
based on many factors as the Gulf Coast recovery progresses, programs
to address identified physician needs in the aftermath of the storm may
give confidence to displaced physicians to return. Additional
follow-up assessments may be useful in determining whether the
identified patterns of physician relocation persist or change over
time, the authors conclude.
Source: AMA, AMA journal, Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
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